伦敦—国际癌症研究机构指出手机可能致癌，并将其与农药DDT,汽车尾气与咖啡归为一类。这个备受尊敬的国际专家组在回顾了历年来的几十份文献后，于周二在法国里昂做出了上述分类。这个机构是国际健康组织(WHO)的分支。它的评定正送往WHO和国家安全部，来指导人们正确使用手机。
Classifying agents as "possibly carcinogenic" doesn't mean they
automatically cause cancer and some experts said the ruling shouldn't
change people's cellphone habits.
被划分为“可能致癌”的物质并不表示一定会致癌。一些专家也表示人们的手机使用习惯不该受到这些分类的影响。
"Anything is a possible carcinogen," said Donald Berry, a professor of
biostatistics at the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center at the University of
Texas. He was not involved in the WHO cancer group's assessment. "This
is not something I worry about and it will not in any way change how I
use my cellphone," he said — speaking from his cellphone.
“任何事物都可能致癌，”德克萨斯大学M.D.Anderson癌症研究中心生物统计学教授唐得•贝瑞(Donald Berry)说。他没有参加WHO癌症小组的测评。“我并不担心这样的事情，此事也丝毫不会改变我使用手机的方式。”他从手机中说到。
The same cancer research agency lists alcoholic drinks as a known
carcinogen and night shift work as a probable carcinogen. Anyone's risk
for cancer depends on many factors, from genetic makeup to the amount
and length of time of an exposure.
该癌症研究机构将酒精确定为致癌物，并指出夜班也是癌症的诱因。一个人得癌症的几率有多大取决于很多因素，与基因构成和接触致癌物质的多少和时间长短等都有关系。
After a weeklong meeting on the type of electromagnetic radiation found
in cellphones, microwaves and radar, the expert panel said there was
limited evidence cellphone use was linked to two types of brain tumors
and inadequate evidence to draw conclusions for other cancers.
在为期一周的关于手机，微波和雷达发出的电磁辐射的种类的会议之后，专家组表示，能够将手机的使用与两种脑瘤联系起来的证据有限，而与其它癌症联系的证据都不充足。
"We found some threads of evidence telling us how cancers might occur,
but there were acknowledged gaps and uncertainties," said Jonathan Samet
of the University of Southern California, the panel's chairman.
“我们发现了一些证据显示癌症可能的引发过程，但这之间，存在公认的信息空白和不确定性。”专家组带头人，南加利福利亚大学的乔纳森•萨米特（Jonathan Samet）说到。
"The WHO's verdict means there is some evidence linking mobile phones
to cancer but it is too weak to draw strong conclusions from," said Ed
Yong, head of health information at Cancer Research U.K. "If such a link
exists, it is unlikely to be a large one."
“WHO的结论意味着癌症和手机使用之间确有关联，但这样的关联还太细微，不足以得出强有力的结论，”英国癌症研究所健康信息部带头人，艾德•永（Ed Yong）表示，“即使真有关联，也不会很紧密。”
Last year, results of a large study found no clear link between
cellphones and cancer. But some advocacy groups contend the study raised
serious concerns because it showed a hint of a possible connection
between very heavy phone use and glioma, a rare but often deadly form of
brain tumor. However, the numbers in that subgroup weren't sufficient
to make the case.
去年，大量的研究结果显示，手机使用与癌症之间并无显著关联。但是一些小组力争，这些研究暗示了大量使用手机可能导致神经胶质瘤（脑瘤中罕见但通常之致命的一种），应引起重视。然而，持有该主张的人数到底太少，最终未能成事。
The study was controversial because it began with people who already
had cancer and asked them to recall how often they used their cellphones
more than a decade ago.
这项研究的争议之处在于，它的调查群体是已经患有癌症的病人。它请这些癌症患者回忆十多年前，他们使用手机是否频繁。
In about 30 other studies done in Europe, New Zealand and the U.S.,
patients with brain tumors have not reported using their cellphones more
often than unaffected people.
在欧洲、新西兰和美国进行的约30个研究调查中，脑瘤患者并没有比身体健康的人更频繁地使用手机。
Because cellphones are so popular, it may be impossible for experts to
compare cellphone users who develop brain tumors with people who don't
use the devices. According to a survey last year, the number of
cellphone subscribers worldwide has hit 5 billion, or nearly
three-quarters of the global population.
因为当今手机如此流行，专家们要想将使用手机的脑瘤患者与不使用手机的群体进行比较，几乎不可能。去年的一项调查显示，全世界手机用户已达50亿人次，将近全球人口的四分之三。
People's cellphone habits have also changed dramatically since the
first studies began years ago and it's unclear if the results of
previous research would still apply today.
人们的手机使用习惯也与几年前最早的研究开始时大相径庭。早期的研究结果对当今社会是否适用，还不确定。
Since many cancerous tumors take decades to develop, experts say it's
impossible to conclude cellphones have no long-term health risks. The
studies conducted so far haven't tracked people for longer than about a
decade.
因为很多癌症肿瘤的形成需要几十年，专家们说手机是否带来长期的健康危害，目前还不可能得出结论。至今所作的研究，对目标群体的跟踪调查还没有超过10年的。
Cellphones send signals to nearby towers via radio frequency waves, a
form of energy similar to FM radio waves and microwaves. But the
radiation produced by cellphones cannot directly damage DNA and is
different from stronger types of radiation like X-rays or ultraviolet
light. At very high levels, radio frequency waves from cellphones can
heat up body tissue, but that is not believed to damage human cells.
手机通过射频电波（一种与调频电波和微波类似的能量形式），将信号发送至附近的信号塔。但是手机生成的辐射并不能直接毁坏DNA，也与其它如X射线、紫外线这样的强辐射不同。当手机电波极强时，可以加热人体组织，但是还不足以损伤人体细胞。
Some experts recommended people use a headset or earpiece if they are
worried about the possible health dangers of cellphones. "If there is a
risk, most of it goes away with a wireless earpiece," said Otis Brawley,
chief medical officer of the American Cancer Society.
如果人们担心手机可能带来健康危害，一些专家推荐使用耳机。“如果危害真的存在，无线耳机的使用可以将其降至微乎其微。”美国癌症协会首席医疗官员欧迪斯•布拉里(Otis Brawley)表示。
Brawley said people should focus on the real health hazards of
cellphones. "Cellphones may cause brain tumors but they kill far more
people through automobile accidents," he said. Brawley added it was also
reasonable to limit children's use of cellphones since their brains are
still developing.
布拉里说人们应该关注的是手机带来的真正的健康危害。“手机是可能导致脑瘤，但是因开车时使用手机而发生交通事故死亡的人数，要多得多。”他又补充说，限制孩子使用手机也是合理的，因为孩子的大脑还在发育中。
Earlier this year, a U.S. National Institutes of Health study found
that cellphone use can speed up brain activity, but it is unknown
whether that has any dangerous health effects.
今年早些时，美国国家健康研究院发现，手机的使用可以加快大脑活动，但是这是否会造成健康危害尚未可知。
The cellphone industry trade group, CTIA-The Wireless Association,
pointed to two U.S. agencies that have found no evidence cellphones are
linked to cancer — the Food and Drug Administration and the Federal
Communications Commission.
手机产业贸易集团，CTIA无线协会，指出两大美国机构- 食品与药物管理局和联邦通信委员会- 都没有发现手机会导致癌症的证据。
The WHO's cancer research agency has reviewed more than 900
occupational exposures, chemicals and other agents since 1971,
classifying their link to cancer by labeling them from carcinogenic to
probably not carcinogenic. The American Cancer Society has estimated
that only about 6 percent of cancers are related to environmental causes
and most of that is on-the-job occupational exposure.
自1971年，WHO癌症研究机构审核了900多种工作隐患、化学物质以及其他物质，将它们按照对癌症的诱发情况，从“致癌”到“不易致癌”分级。美国癌
症协会估计，大概只有百分之六的癌症是由于环境因素引发，而这其中更多的还是因为在致癌环境中工作。以上全部内容由fanyitie.com翻译整理。
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